# Sanitary Pads Raw Material Composition and Properties

Sanitary pads are essential hygiene products used by millions of women worldwide. Understanding the raw materials that go into their production is crucial for ensuring quality, comfort, and safety. This article delves into the composition and properties of the primary raw materials used in sanitary pads.

## 1. Absorbent Core

The absorbent core is the heart of a sanitary pad, responsible for absorbing and retaining menstrual fluid. It is typically made from a combination of the following materials:

– **Wood Pulp**: A natural, biodegradable material that provides excellent absorbency.
– **Super Absorbent Polymer (SAP)**: A synthetic material that can absorb many times its weight in liquid, enhancing the pad’s capacity.

## 2. Top Sheet

The top sheet is the layer that comes into direct contact with the skin. It needs to be soft, comfortable, and quick-drying. Common materials include:

– **Nonwoven Fabric**: Made from synthetic fibers like polypropylene, it is designed to be soft and breathable.
– **Perforated Film**: A thin, flexible material that allows liquid to pass through quickly while keeping the surface dry.

## 3. Back Sheet

The back sheet is the outermost layer of the pad, designed to prevent leaks and provide a barrier against moisture. It is usually made from:

– **Polyethylene Film**: A waterproof material that ensures no leakage occurs.
– **Breathable Microporous Film**: Allows air to circulate, reducing the risk of irritation and discomfort.

## 4. Adhesive

Adhesives are used to keep the pad securely in place. They are typically made from:

– **Hot Melt Adhesive**: A type of glue that is applied in a molten state and solidifies upon cooling, providing a strong bond.
– **Pressure-Sensitive Adhesive**: Sticks to surfaces upon application of light pressure, ensuring the pad stays in place during use.

## 5. Release Paper

Release paper is used to protect the adhesive before the pad is used. It is usually made from:

– **Silicone-Coated Paper**: Easy to peel off and does not leave any residue on the adhesive.

## Properties of Sanitary Pad Raw Materials

The raw materials used in sanitary pads must possess specific properties to ensure they perform effectively:

– **Absorbency**: The ability to quickly absorb and retain liquid is crucial for the absorbent core.
– **Softness**: The top sheet must be gentle on the skin to prevent irritation.
– **Breathability**: Materials should allow air to circulate to maintain comfort and hygiene.
– **Leak-Proof**: The back sheet must be impermeable to liquids to prevent leaks.
– **Adhesion**: Adhesives must provide a secure hold without causing discomfort or leaving residue.

In conclusion, the raw materials used in sanitary pads are carefully selected to provide optimal performance, comfort, and safety. Understanding their composition and properties helps in appreciating the technology and innovation behind these essential hygiene products.